Canada has made legal and formal commitments to reconciliation with Indigenous peoples — including adopting the and the 's 94 Calls to Action.
Yet only about 10–15 of those 94 Calls are fully done. In 2026, Amnesty International accused Canada of rolling back Indigenous rights by fast-tracking major projects without proper consent.
The gaps are stark: dozens of First Nations still lack safe drinking water, Indigenous adults are jailed at ten times the rate of others, and the infrastructure funding shortfall on reserves runs into the hundreds of billions.
10–15
TRC Calls to Action fully complete as of 2026, out of 94
10.2×
Rate at which Indigenous adults are incarcerated vs. non-Indigenous adults
38
Long-term drinking water advisories in effect across 36 First Nations as of June 4, 2026
$349B
First Nations infrastructure deficit identified by the AFN